SIMONIČ, Marko ;PALČIČ, Iztok ;KLANČNIK, Simon . Advancing Intelligent Toolpath Generation: A Systematic Review of CAD–CAM Integration in Industry 4.0 and 5.0. Strojniški vestnik - Journal of Mechanical Engineering, [S.l.], v. 71, n.9-10, p. 328-336, july 2025. ISSN 0039-2480. Available at: <https://www.sv-jme.eu/sl/article/advancing-intelligent-toolpath-generation-a-systematic-review-of-cad-cam-integration-in-industry-4-0-and-5-0/>. Date accessed: 12 nov. 2025. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.5545/sv-jme.2025.1370.
Simonič, M., Palčič, I., & Klančnik, S. (2025). Advancing Intelligent Toolpath Generation: A Systematic Review of CAD–CAM Integration in Industry 4.0 and 5.0. Strojniški vestnik - Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 71(9-10), 328-336. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.5545/sv-jme.2025.1370
@article{sv-jmesv-jme.2025.1370,
author = {Marko Simonič and Iztok Palčič and Simon Klančnik},
title = {Advancing Intelligent Toolpath Generation: A Systematic Review of CAD–CAM Integration in Industry 4.0 and 5.0},
journal = {Strojniški vestnik - Journal of Mechanical Engineering},
volume = {71},
number = {9-10},
year = {2025},
keywords = {CAD–CAM integration; Industry 4.0; Industry 5.0; toolpath optimization; AI; theory–context–characteristics–methodology (TCCM); },
abstract = {This systematic literature review investigates advancements in intelligent computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD–CAM) integration and toolpath generation, analyzing their evolution across Industry 4.0 and emerging Industry 5.0 (I5.0) paradigms. Using the theory–context–characteristics–methodology framework, the study synthesizes 51 peer-reviewed studies (from 2000 to 2025) to map theoretical foundations, industrial applications, technical innovations, and methodological trends. Findings reveal that artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning dominate research, driving breakthroughs in feature recognition, adaptive toolpath optimization, and predictive maintenance. However, human-centric frameworks central to I5.0, such as socio-technical collaboration, remain underexplored. High-precision sectors (aerospace, biomedical) lead adoption, while small and medium enterprises (SMEs) lag due to resource constraints. Technologically, AI-driven automation and STEP-NC standards show promise, yet interoperability gaps persist due to fragmented data models and legacy systems. Methodologically, AI-based modeling prevails (49 % of studies), but experimental validation and socio-technical frameworks are sparse. Key gaps include limited real-time adaptability, insufficient AI training datasets, and slow adoption of sustainable practices. The review highlights the urgent need for standardized data exchange protocols, scalable solutions for SMEs, and human-AI collaboration models to align CAD–CAM integration with I5.0’s sustainability and resilience goals. By bridging these gaps, this work provides a roadmap for advancing intelligent, human-centered manufacturing ecosystems.},
issn = {0039-2480}, pages = {328-336}, doi = {10.5545/sv-jme.2025.1370},
url = {https://www.sv-jme.eu/sl/article/advancing-intelligent-toolpath-generation-a-systematic-review-of-cad-cam-integration-in-industry-4-0-and-5-0/}
}
Simonič, M.,Palčič, I.,Klančnik, S. 2025 July 71. Advancing Intelligent Toolpath Generation: A Systematic Review of CAD–CAM Integration in Industry 4.0 and 5.0. Strojniški vestnik - Journal of Mechanical Engineering. [Online] 71:9-10
%A Simonič, Marko %A Palčič, Iztok %A Klančnik, Simon %D 2025 %T Advancing Intelligent Toolpath Generation: A Systematic Review of CAD–CAM Integration in Industry 4.0 and 5.0 %B 2025 %9 CAD–CAM integration; Industry 4.0; Industry 5.0; toolpath optimization; AI; theory–context–characteristics–methodology (TCCM); %! Advancing Intelligent Toolpath Generation: A Systematic Review of CAD–CAM Integration in Industry 4.0 and 5.0 %K CAD–CAM integration; Industry 4.0; Industry 5.0; toolpath optimization; AI; theory–context–characteristics–methodology (TCCM); %X This systematic literature review investigates advancements in intelligent computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD–CAM) integration and toolpath generation, analyzing their evolution across Industry 4.0 and emerging Industry 5.0 (I5.0) paradigms. Using the theory–context–characteristics–methodology framework, the study synthesizes 51 peer-reviewed studies (from 2000 to 2025) to map theoretical foundations, industrial applications, technical innovations, and methodological trends. Findings reveal that artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning dominate research, driving breakthroughs in feature recognition, adaptive toolpath optimization, and predictive maintenance. However, human-centric frameworks central to I5.0, such as socio-technical collaboration, remain underexplored. High-precision sectors (aerospace, biomedical) lead adoption, while small and medium enterprises (SMEs) lag due to resource constraints. Technologically, AI-driven automation and STEP-NC standards show promise, yet interoperability gaps persist due to fragmented data models and legacy systems. Methodologically, AI-based modeling prevails (49 % of studies), but experimental validation and socio-technical frameworks are sparse. Key gaps include limited real-time adaptability, insufficient AI training datasets, and slow adoption of sustainable practices. The review highlights the urgent need for standardized data exchange protocols, scalable solutions for SMEs, and human-AI collaboration models to align CAD–CAM integration with I5.0’s sustainability and resilience goals. By bridging these gaps, this work provides a roadmap for advancing intelligent, human-centered manufacturing ecosystems. %U https://www.sv-jme.eu/sl/article/advancing-intelligent-toolpath-generation-a-systematic-review-of-cad-cam-integration-in-industry-4-0-and-5-0/ %0 Journal Article %R 10.5545/sv-jme.2025.1370 %& 328 %P 9 %J Strojniški vestnik - Journal of Mechanical Engineering %V 71 %N 9-10 %@ 0039-2480 %8 2025-07-21 %7 2025-07-21
Simonič, Marko, Iztok Palčič, & Simon Klančnik. "Advancing Intelligent Toolpath Generation: A Systematic Review of CAD–CAM Integration in Industry 4.0 and 5.0." Strojniški vestnik - Journal of Mechanical Engineering [Online], 71.9-10 (2025): 328-336. Web. 12 Nov. 2025
TY - JOUR AU - Simonič, Marko AU - Palčič, Iztok AU - Klančnik, Simon PY - 2025 TI - Advancing Intelligent Toolpath Generation: A Systematic Review of CAD–CAM Integration in Industry 4.0 and 5.0 JF - Strojniški vestnik - Journal of Mechanical Engineering DO - 10.5545/sv-jme.2025.1370 KW - CAD–CAM integration; Industry 4.0; Industry 5.0; toolpath optimization; AI; theory–context–characteristics–methodology (TCCM); N2 - This systematic literature review investigates advancements in intelligent computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD–CAM) integration and toolpath generation, analyzing their evolution across Industry 4.0 and emerging Industry 5.0 (I5.0) paradigms. Using the theory–context–characteristics–methodology framework, the study synthesizes 51 peer-reviewed studies (from 2000 to 2025) to map theoretical foundations, industrial applications, technical innovations, and methodological trends. Findings reveal that artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning dominate research, driving breakthroughs in feature recognition, adaptive toolpath optimization, and predictive maintenance. However, human-centric frameworks central to I5.0, such as socio-technical collaboration, remain underexplored. High-precision sectors (aerospace, biomedical) lead adoption, while small and medium enterprises (SMEs) lag due to resource constraints. Technologically, AI-driven automation and STEP-NC standards show promise, yet interoperability gaps persist due to fragmented data models and legacy systems. Methodologically, AI-based modeling prevails (49 % of studies), but experimental validation and socio-technical frameworks are sparse. Key gaps include limited real-time adaptability, insufficient AI training datasets, and slow adoption of sustainable practices. The review highlights the urgent need for standardized data exchange protocols, scalable solutions for SMEs, and human-AI collaboration models to align CAD–CAM integration with I5.0’s sustainability and resilience goals. By bridging these gaps, this work provides a roadmap for advancing intelligent, human-centered manufacturing ecosystems. UR - https://www.sv-jme.eu/sl/article/advancing-intelligent-toolpath-generation-a-systematic-review-of-cad-cam-integration-in-industry-4-0-and-5-0/
@article{{sv-jme}{sv-jme.2025.1370},
author = {Simonič, M., Palčič, I., Klančnik, S.},
title = {Advancing Intelligent Toolpath Generation: A Systematic Review of CAD–CAM Integration in Industry 4.0 and 5.0},
journal = {Strojniški vestnik - Journal of Mechanical Engineering},
volume = {71},
number = {9-10},
year = {2025},
doi = {10.5545/sv-jme.2025.1370},
url = {https://www.sv-jme.eu/sl/article/advancing-intelligent-toolpath-generation-a-systematic-review-of-cad-cam-integration-in-industry-4-0-and-5-0/}
}
TY - JOUR AU - Simonič, Marko AU - Palčič, Iztok AU - Klančnik, Simon PY - 2025/07/21 TI - Advancing Intelligent Toolpath Generation: A Systematic Review of CAD–CAM Integration in Industry 4.0 and 5.0 JF - Strojniški vestnik - Journal of Mechanical Engineering; Vol 71, No 9-10 (2025): Strojniški vestnik - Journal of Mechanical Engineering DO - 10.5545/sv-jme.2025.1370 KW - CAD–CAM integration, Industry 4.0, Industry 5.0, toolpath optimization, AI, theory–context–characteristics–methodology (TCCM), N2 - This systematic literature review investigates advancements in intelligent computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD–CAM) integration and toolpath generation, analyzing their evolution across Industry 4.0 and emerging Industry 5.0 (I5.0) paradigms. Using the theory–context–characteristics–methodology framework, the study synthesizes 51 peer-reviewed studies (from 2000 to 2025) to map theoretical foundations, industrial applications, technical innovations, and methodological trends. Findings reveal that artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning dominate research, driving breakthroughs in feature recognition, adaptive toolpath optimization, and predictive maintenance. However, human-centric frameworks central to I5.0, such as socio-technical collaboration, remain underexplored. High-precision sectors (aerospace, biomedical) lead adoption, while small and medium enterprises (SMEs) lag due to resource constraints. Technologically, AI-driven automation and STEP-NC standards show promise, yet interoperability gaps persist due to fragmented data models and legacy systems. Methodologically, AI-based modeling prevails (49 % of studies), but experimental validation and socio-technical frameworks are sparse. Key gaps include limited real-time adaptability, insufficient AI training datasets, and slow adoption of sustainable practices. The review highlights the urgent need for standardized data exchange protocols, scalable solutions for SMEs, and human-AI collaboration models to align CAD–CAM integration with I5.0’s sustainability and resilience goals. By bridging these gaps, this work provides a roadmap for advancing intelligent, human-centered manufacturing ecosystems. UR - https://www.sv-jme.eu/sl/article/advancing-intelligent-toolpath-generation-a-systematic-review-of-cad-cam-integration-in-industry-4-0-and-5-0/
Simonič, Marko, Palčič, Iztok, AND Klančnik, Simon. "Advancing Intelligent Toolpath Generation: A Systematic Review of CAD–CAM Integration in Industry 4.0 and 5.0" Strojniški vestnik - Journal of Mechanical Engineering [Online], Volume 71 Number 9-10 (21 July 2025)
Strojniški vestnik - Journal of Mechanical Engineering 71(2025)9-10, 328-336
© The Authors 2025. CC BY 4.0 Int.
This systematic literature review investigates advancements in intelligent computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD–CAM) integration and toolpath generation, analyzing their evolution across Industry 4.0 and emerging Industry 5.0 (I5.0) paradigms. Using the theory–context–characteristics–methodology framework, the study synthesizes 51 peer-reviewed studies (from 2000 to 2025) to map theoretical foundations, industrial applications, technical innovations, and methodological trends. Findings reveal that artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning dominate research, driving breakthroughs in feature recognition, adaptive toolpath optimization, and predictive maintenance. However, human-centric frameworks central to I5.0, such as socio-technical collaboration, remain underexplored. High-precision sectors (aerospace, biomedical) lead adoption, while small and medium enterprises (SMEs) lag due to resource constraints. Technologically, AI-driven automation and STEP-NC standards show promise, yet interoperability gaps persist due to fragmented data models and legacy systems. Methodologically, AI-based modeling prevails (49 % of studies), but experimental validation and socio-technical frameworks are sparse. Key gaps include limited real-time adaptability, insufficient AI training datasets, and slow adoption of sustainable practices. The review highlights the urgent need for standardized data exchange protocols, scalable solutions for SMEs, and human-AI collaboration models to align CAD–CAM integration with I5.0’s sustainability and resilience goals. By bridging these gaps, this work provides a roadmap for advancing intelligent, human-centered manufacturing ecosystems.