Comparison of 1D Euler and 3D Navier-Stokes Simulation Methods for Water Hammer Phenomena

VOVK, Nejc ;RAVNIK , Jure  .
Comparison of 1D Euler and 3D Navier-Stokes Simulation Methods for Water Hammer Phenomena. 
Articles in Press, [S.l.], v. 0, n.0, p. , september 2025. 
ISSN 0039-2480.
Available at: <https://www.sv-jme.eu/sl/article/comparison-of-1d-euler-and-3d-navier-stokes-simulation-methods-for-water-hammer-phenomena/>. Date accessed: 04 oct. 2025. 
doi:http://dx.doi.org/.

Vovk, N., & Ravnik , J.
(0).
Comparison of 1D Euler and 3D Navier-Stokes Simulation Methods for Water Hammer Phenomena.
Articles in Press, 0(0), .
doi:http://dx.doi.org/

@article{.,
	author = {Nejc  Vovk and Jure   Ravnik },
	title = {Comparison of 1D Euler and 3D Navier-Stokes Simulation Methods for Water Hammer Phenomena},
	journal = {Articles in Press},
	volume = {0},
	number = {0},
	year = {0},
	keywords = {},
	abstract = {Water hammer phenomena in pipelines can induce significant transient pressure surges, leading to structural failures and operational inefficiencies. This study presents a comparative analysis of two numerical approaches for simulating water hammer: a one-dimensional (1D) inviscid model based on the Euler equations and the method of characteristics, and a three-dimensional (3D) viscous model utilizing the Navier-Stokes equations in OpenFOAM. Benchmaking problems are sovled first, then both methods are used to study a 3.4 km long DN400 pipeline subject to sudden pump failure by analysing pressure surges, cavitation, and water column separation. The 1D model effectively predicts transient pressure waves and cavitation conditions with minimal computational cost, while the 3D model provides a detailed representation of multiphase flow dynamics, including cavitation bubble growth and collapse. To mitigate adverse effects, a pressure relief valve is introduced, and its effectiveness in reducing pressure surges and cavitation is demonstrated. The results highlight the trade-offs between computational efficiency and accuracy in modeling water hammer events and underscore the importance of protective measures in pipeline systems.},
	issn = {0039-2480},	pages = {},	doi = {},
	url = {https://www.sv-jme.eu/sl/article/comparison-of-1d-euler-and-3d-navier-stokes-simulation-methods-for-water-hammer-phenomena/}
}

Vovk, N.,Ravnik , J.
0 September 0. Comparison of 1D Euler and 3D Navier-Stokes Simulation Methods for Water Hammer Phenomena. Articles in Press. [Online] 0:0

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%X Water hammer phenomena in pipelines can induce significant transient pressure surges, leading to structural failures and operational inefficiencies. This study presents a comparative analysis of two numerical approaches for simulating water hammer: a one-dimensional (1D) inviscid model based on the Euler equations and the method of characteristics, and a three-dimensional (3D) viscous model utilizing the Navier-Stokes equations in OpenFOAM. Benchmaking problems are sovled first, then both methods are used to study a 3.4 km long DN400 pipeline subject to sudden pump failure by analysing pressure surges, cavitation, and water column separation. The 1D model effectively predicts transient pressure waves and cavitation conditions with minimal computational cost, while the 3D model provides a detailed representation of multiphase flow dynamics, including cavitation bubble growth and collapse. To mitigate adverse effects, a pressure relief valve is introduced, and its effectiveness in reducing pressure surges and cavitation is demonstrated. The results highlight the trade-offs between computational efficiency and accuracy in modeling water hammer events and underscore the importance of protective measures in pipeline systems.
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Vovk, Nejc, & Jure   Ravnik .
"Comparison of 1D Euler and 3D Navier-Stokes Simulation Methods for Water Hammer Phenomena." Articles in Press [Online], 0.0 (0): . Web.  04 Oct. 2025

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AU  - Vovk, Nejc 
AU  - Ravnik , Jure  
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TI  - Comparison of 1D Euler and 3D Navier-Stokes Simulation Methods for Water Hammer Phenomena
JF  - Articles in Press
DO  - 
KW  - 
N2  - Water hammer phenomena in pipelines can induce significant transient pressure surges, leading to structural failures and operational inefficiencies. This study presents a comparative analysis of two numerical approaches for simulating water hammer: a one-dimensional (1D) inviscid model based on the Euler equations and the method of characteristics, and a three-dimensional (3D) viscous model utilizing the Navier-Stokes equations in OpenFOAM. Benchmaking problems are sovled first, then both methods are used to study a 3.4 km long DN400 pipeline subject to sudden pump failure by analysing pressure surges, cavitation, and water column separation. The 1D model effectively predicts transient pressure waves and cavitation conditions with minimal computational cost, while the 3D model provides a detailed representation of multiphase flow dynamics, including cavitation bubble growth and collapse. To mitigate adverse effects, a pressure relief valve is introduced, and its effectiveness in reducing pressure surges and cavitation is demonstrated. The results highlight the trade-offs between computational efficiency and accuracy in modeling water hammer events and underscore the importance of protective measures in pipeline systems.
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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vovk, Nejc 
AU  - Ravnik , Jure  
PY  - 2025/09/19
TI  - Comparison of 1D Euler and 3D Navier-Stokes Simulation Methods for Water Hammer Phenomena
JF  - Articles in Press; Vol 0, No 0 (0): Articles in Press
DO  - 
KW  - 
N2  - Water hammer phenomena in pipelines can induce significant transient pressure surges, leading to structural failures and operational inefficiencies. This study presents a comparative analysis of two numerical approaches for simulating water hammer: a one-dimensional (1D) inviscid model based on the Euler equations and the method of characteristics, and a three-dimensional (3D) viscous model utilizing the Navier-Stokes equations in OpenFOAM. Benchmaking problems are sovled first, then both methods are used to study a 3.4 km long DN400 pipeline subject to sudden pump failure by analysing pressure surges, cavitation, and water column separation. The 1D model effectively predicts transient pressure waves and cavitation conditions with minimal computational cost, while the 3D model provides a detailed representation of multiphase flow dynamics, including cavitation bubble growth and collapse. To mitigate adverse effects, a pressure relief valve is introduced, and its effectiveness in reducing pressure surges and cavitation is demonstrated. The results highlight the trade-offs between computational efficiency and accuracy in modeling water hammer events and underscore the importance of protective measures in pipeline systems.
UR  - https://www.sv-jme.eu/sl/article/comparison-of-1d-euler-and-3d-navier-stokes-simulation-methods-for-water-hammer-phenomena/

Vovk, Nejc, AND Ravnik , Jure .
"Comparison of 1D Euler and 3D Navier-Stokes Simulation Methods for Water Hammer Phenomena" Articles in Press [Online], Volume 0 Number 0 (19 September 2025)