Unsteady Pressures Influenced by Trapped Air Pockets in Water-Filled Pipelines

BERGANT, Anton ;TIJSSELING, Arris ;KIM, Young-il ;KARADŽIĆ, Uroš ;ZHOU, Ling ;LAMBERT, Martin F.;SIMPSON, Angus R..
Unsteady Pressures Influenced by Trapped Air Pockets in Water-Filled Pipelines. 
Strojniški vestnik - Journal of Mechanical Engineering, [S.l.], v. 64, n.9, p. 501-512, october 2018. 
ISSN 0039-2480.
Available at: <https://www.sv-jme.eu/sl/article/unsteady-pressures-influenced-by-trapped-air-pockets-in-water-filled-pipelines/>. Date accessed: 25 jan. 2026. 
doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.5545/sv-jme.2018.5238.

Bergant, A., Tijsseling, A., Kim, Y., Karadžić, U., Zhou, L., Lambert, M., & Simpson, A.
(2018).
Unsteady Pressures Influenced by Trapped Air Pockets in Water-Filled Pipelines.
Strojniški vestnik - Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 64(9), 501-512.
doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.5545/sv-jme.2018.5238

@article{sv-jmesv-jme.2018.5238,
	author = {Anton  Bergant and Arris  Tijsseling and Young-il  Kim and Uroš  Karadžić and Ling  Zhou and Martin F. Lambert and Angus R. Simpson},
	title = {Unsteady Pressures Influenced by Trapped Air Pockets in Water-Filled Pipelines},
	journal = {Strojniški vestnik - Journal of Mechanical Engineering},
	volume = {64},
	number = {9},
	year = {2018},
	keywords = {fluid transients; water hammer; trapped air pocket; discrete gas cavity model; unsteady skin friction; pipeline apparatus},
	abstract = {Trapped air pockets may cause severe operational problems in water-filled pipelines. This paper investigates the dynamic behaviour of a single trapped air pocket. A single air pocket creates distinct changes of amplitude, shape and timing of unsteady flow pressure waves when it is located at some point in a pipeline. The severity of the resulting hydraulic transients depends on the size, pressure and position of the trapped air pocket. In this paper, the air pocket is incorporated as a boundary condition in the discrete gas cavity model (DGCM) that also considers the effects of unsteady skin friction. Two distinct case studies are presented: (1) start-up test case (flow starting from rest) and (2) shut-down test case (flow stoppage). The start-up test case has been performed in the University of Montenegro pipeline apparatus (length 55 m, internal diameter 18 mm). A trapped air pocket is confined at the downstream end of the pipeline. The transient event is initiated by rapid opening of a valve positioned at the initial air/water interface. The shut-down test case has been carried out in the University of Adelaide laboratory apparatus (length 37 m, internal diameter 22 mm). A trapped gas pocket is maintained near the midpoint of the pipeline. The shut-down event is initiated by rapid closure of the downstream-end valve. Results of numerical simulations and laboratory investigations are presented and they show profound effects of unsteady skin friction on pressure histories.},
	issn = {0039-2480},	pages = {501-512},	doi = {10.5545/sv-jme.2018.5238},
	url = {https://www.sv-jme.eu/sl/article/unsteady-pressures-influenced-by-trapped-air-pockets-in-water-filled-pipelines/}
}

Bergant, A.,Tijsseling, A.,Kim, Y.,Karadžić, U.,Zhou, L.,Lambert, M.,Simpson, A.
2018 October 64. Unsteady Pressures Influenced by Trapped Air Pockets in Water-Filled Pipelines. Strojniški vestnik - Journal of Mechanical Engineering. [Online] 64:9

%A Bergant, Anton 
%A Tijsseling, Arris 
%A Kim, Young-il 
%A Karadžić, Uroš 
%A Zhou, Ling 
%A Lambert, Martin F.
%A Simpson, Angus R.
%D 2018
%T Unsteady Pressures Influenced by Trapped Air Pockets in Water-Filled Pipelines
%B 2018
%9 fluid transients; water hammer; trapped air pocket; discrete gas cavity model; unsteady skin friction; pipeline apparatus
%! Unsteady Pressures Influenced by Trapped Air Pockets in Water-Filled Pipelines
%K fluid transients; water hammer; trapped air pocket; discrete gas cavity model; unsteady skin friction; pipeline apparatus
%X Trapped air pockets may cause severe operational problems in water-filled pipelines. This paper investigates the dynamic behaviour of a single trapped air pocket. A single air pocket creates distinct changes of amplitude, shape and timing of unsteady flow pressure waves when it is located at some point in a pipeline. The severity of the resulting hydraulic transients depends on the size, pressure and position of the trapped air pocket. In this paper, the air pocket is incorporated as a boundary condition in the discrete gas cavity model (DGCM) that also considers the effects of unsteady skin friction. Two distinct case studies are presented: (1) start-up test case (flow starting from rest) and (2) shut-down test case (flow stoppage). The start-up test case has been performed in the University of Montenegro pipeline apparatus (length 55 m, internal diameter 18 mm). A trapped air pocket is confined at the downstream end of the pipeline. The transient event is initiated by rapid opening of a valve positioned at the initial air/water interface. The shut-down test case has been carried out in the University of Adelaide laboratory apparatus (length 37 m, internal diameter 22 mm). A trapped gas pocket is maintained near the midpoint of the pipeline. The shut-down event is initiated by rapid closure of the downstream-end valve. Results of numerical simulations and laboratory investigations are presented and they show profound effects of unsteady skin friction on pressure histories.
%U https://www.sv-jme.eu/sl/article/unsteady-pressures-influenced-by-trapped-air-pockets-in-water-filled-pipelines/
%0 Journal Article
%R 10.5545/sv-jme.2018.5238
%& 501
%P 12
%J Strojniški vestnik - Journal of Mechanical Engineering
%V 64
%N 9
%@ 0039-2480
%8 2018-10-11
%7 2018-10-11

Bergant, Anton, Arris  Tijsseling, Young-il  Kim, Uroš  Karadžić, Ling  Zhou, Martin F. Lambert, & Angus R. Simpson.
"Unsteady Pressures Influenced by Trapped Air Pockets in Water-Filled Pipelines." Strojniški vestnik - Journal of Mechanical Engineering [Online], 64.9 (2018): 501-512. Web.  25 Jan. 2026

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bergant, Anton 
AU  - Tijsseling, Arris 
AU  - Kim, Young-il 
AU  - Karadžić, Uroš 
AU  - Zhou, Ling 
AU  - Lambert, Martin F.
AU  - Simpson, Angus R.
PY  - 2018
TI  - Unsteady Pressures Influenced by Trapped Air Pockets in Water-Filled Pipelines
JF  - Strojniški vestnik - Journal of Mechanical Engineering
DO  - 10.5545/sv-jme.2018.5238
KW  - fluid transients; water hammer; trapped air pocket; discrete gas cavity model; unsteady skin friction; pipeline apparatus
N2  - Trapped air pockets may cause severe operational problems in water-filled pipelines. This paper investigates the dynamic behaviour of a single trapped air pocket. A single air pocket creates distinct changes of amplitude, shape and timing of unsteady flow pressure waves when it is located at some point in a pipeline. The severity of the resulting hydraulic transients depends on the size, pressure and position of the trapped air pocket. In this paper, the air pocket is incorporated as a boundary condition in the discrete gas cavity model (DGCM) that also considers the effects of unsteady skin friction. Two distinct case studies are presented: (1) start-up test case (flow starting from rest) and (2) shut-down test case (flow stoppage). The start-up test case has been performed in the University of Montenegro pipeline apparatus (length 55 m, internal diameter 18 mm). A trapped air pocket is confined at the downstream end of the pipeline. The transient event is initiated by rapid opening of a valve positioned at the initial air/water interface. The shut-down test case has been carried out in the University of Adelaide laboratory apparatus (length 37 m, internal diameter 22 mm). A trapped gas pocket is maintained near the midpoint of the pipeline. The shut-down event is initiated by rapid closure of the downstream-end valve. Results of numerical simulations and laboratory investigations are presented and they show profound effects of unsteady skin friction on pressure histories.
UR  - https://www.sv-jme.eu/sl/article/unsteady-pressures-influenced-by-trapped-air-pockets-in-water-filled-pipelines/

@article{{sv-jme}{sv-jme.2018.5238},
	author = {Bergant, A., Tijsseling, A., Kim, Y., Karadžić, U., Zhou, L., Lambert, M., Simpson, A.},
	title = {Unsteady Pressures Influenced by Trapped Air Pockets in Water-Filled Pipelines},
	journal = {Strojniški vestnik - Journal of Mechanical Engineering},
	volume = {64},
	number = {9},
	year = {2018},
	doi = {10.5545/sv-jme.2018.5238},
	url = {https://www.sv-jme.eu/sl/article/unsteady-pressures-influenced-by-trapped-air-pockets-in-water-filled-pipelines/}
}

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bergant, Anton 
AU  - Tijsseling, Arris 
AU  - Kim, Young-il 
AU  - Karadžić, Uroš 
AU  - Zhou, Ling 
AU  - Lambert, Martin F.
AU  - Simpson, Angus R.
PY  - 2018/10/11
TI  - Unsteady Pressures Influenced by Trapped Air Pockets in Water-Filled Pipelines
JF  - Strojniški vestnik - Journal of Mechanical Engineering; Vol 64, No 9 (2018): Strojniški vestnik - Journal of Mechanical Engineering
DO  - 10.5545/sv-jme.2018.5238
KW  - fluid transients, water hammer, trapped air pocket, discrete gas cavity model, unsteady skin friction, pipeline apparatus
N2  - Trapped air pockets may cause severe operational problems in water-filled pipelines. This paper investigates the dynamic behaviour of a single trapped air pocket. A single air pocket creates distinct changes of amplitude, shape and timing of unsteady flow pressure waves when it is located at some point in a pipeline. The severity of the resulting hydraulic transients depends on the size, pressure and position of the trapped air pocket. In this paper, the air pocket is incorporated as a boundary condition in the discrete gas cavity model (DGCM) that also considers the effects of unsteady skin friction. Two distinct case studies are presented: (1) start-up test case (flow starting from rest) and (2) shut-down test case (flow stoppage). The start-up test case has been performed in the University of Montenegro pipeline apparatus (length 55 m, internal diameter 18 mm). A trapped air pocket is confined at the downstream end of the pipeline. The transient event is initiated by rapid opening of a valve positioned at the initial air/water interface. The shut-down test case has been carried out in the University of Adelaide laboratory apparatus (length 37 m, internal diameter 22 mm). A trapped gas pocket is maintained near the midpoint of the pipeline. The shut-down event is initiated by rapid closure of the downstream-end valve. Results of numerical simulations and laboratory investigations are presented and they show profound effects of unsteady skin friction on pressure histories.
UR  - https://www.sv-jme.eu/sl/article/unsteady-pressures-influenced-by-trapped-air-pockets-in-water-filled-pipelines/

Bergant, Anton, Tijsseling, Arris, Kim, Young-il, Karadžić, Uroš, Zhou, Ling, Lambert, Martin, AND Simpson, Angus.
"Unsteady Pressures Influenced by Trapped Air Pockets in Water-Filled Pipelines" Strojniški vestnik - Journal of Mechanical Engineering [Online], Volume 64 Number 9 (11 October 2018)