ERMURAT, Mehmet ;AŞÇI, Muhammet İbrahim ;İNCE, İbrahim Hakki .
Design-Based Assessment of Continuous Coaxial DED Nozzles Considering Substrate-Induced Gas Flow Effects.
Articles in Press, [S.l.], v. 0, n.0, p. , april 2026.
ISSN 0039-2480.
Available at: <https://www.sv-jme.eu/sl/article/design-based-assessment-of-continuous-coaxial-ded-nozzles-considering-substrate-induced-gas-flow-effects/>. Date accessed: 22 aug. 2026.
doi:http://dx.doi.org/.
Ermurat, M., AŞÇI, M., & İnce, .
(0).
Design-Based Assessment of Continuous Coaxial DED Nozzles Considering Substrate-Induced Gas Flow Effects.
Articles in Press, 0(0), .
doi:http://dx.doi.org/
@article{.,
author = {Mehmet Ermurat and Muhammet İbrahim AŞÇI and İbrahim Hakki İnce},
title = {Design-Based Assessment of Continuous Coaxial DED Nozzles Considering Substrate-Induced Gas Flow Effects},
journal = {Articles in Press},
volume = {0},
number = {0},
year = {0},
keywords = {},
abstract = {Continuous coaxial nozzles are widely used in Directed Energy Deposition (DED) pro-cesses; however, many numerical studies rely on substrate-free free-jet models that fail to capture critical gas–surface interactions. This study presents a design-oriented investiga-tion of continuous coaxial DED nozzles by examining the influence of nozzle geometry and gas flow interactions under realistic deposition conditions. A three-dimensional CFD framework incorporating particle tracing was applied, in which a physical substrate was explicitly included at the intended standoff distance to account for stagnation pressure formation, gas rebound, and near-wall flow effects. Two nozzle geometries—a narrow nozzle (α = 24°) and a wide nozzle (α = 35°)—were evaluated under varying carrier and shaping gas velocities relative to a fixed optical shielding gas velocity. Powder conver-gence behavior was quantified using a layered particle counting strategy and analyzed through number density distributions in the focal region. The results show that nozzle geometry strongly governs powder focusing behavior. The narrow nozzle consistently produced a compact and axisymmetric powder stream with higher catchment efficiency, whereas the wide nozzle exhibited diffuse flow patterns and reduced focal coherence. Ex-cessive shaping gas velocities were found to degrade convergence by expanding the sub-strate-induced stagnation pressure zone. These findings provide a physics-based rationale for geometry-dependent nozzle selection in continuous coaxial DED applications.},
issn = {0039-2480}, pages = {}, doi = {},
url = {https://www.sv-jme.eu/sl/article/design-based-assessment-of-continuous-coaxial-ded-nozzles-considering-substrate-induced-gas-flow-effects/}
}
Ermurat, M.,AŞÇI, M.,İnce, .
0 April 0. Design-Based Assessment of Continuous Coaxial DED Nozzles Considering Substrate-Induced Gas Flow Effects. Articles in Press. [Online] 0:0
%A Ermurat, Mehmet
%A AŞÇI, Muhammet İbrahim
%A İnce, İbrahim Hakki
%D 0
%T Design-Based Assessment of Continuous Coaxial DED Nozzles Considering Substrate-Induced Gas Flow Effects
%B 0
%9
%! Design-Based Assessment of Continuous Coaxial DED Nozzles Considering Substrate-Induced Gas Flow Effects
%K
%X Continuous coaxial nozzles are widely used in Directed Energy Deposition (DED) pro-cesses; however, many numerical studies rely on substrate-free free-jet models that fail to capture critical gas–surface interactions. This study presents a design-oriented investiga-tion of continuous coaxial DED nozzles by examining the influence of nozzle geometry and gas flow interactions under realistic deposition conditions. A three-dimensional CFD framework incorporating particle tracing was applied, in which a physical substrate was explicitly included at the intended standoff distance to account for stagnation pressure formation, gas rebound, and near-wall flow effects. Two nozzle geometries—a narrow nozzle (α = 24°) and a wide nozzle (α = 35°)—were evaluated under varying carrier and shaping gas velocities relative to a fixed optical shielding gas velocity. Powder conver-gence behavior was quantified using a layered particle counting strategy and analyzed through number density distributions in the focal region. The results show that nozzle geometry strongly governs powder focusing behavior. The narrow nozzle consistently produced a compact and axisymmetric powder stream with higher catchment efficiency, whereas the wide nozzle exhibited diffuse flow patterns and reduced focal coherence. Ex-cessive shaping gas velocities were found to degrade convergence by expanding the sub-strate-induced stagnation pressure zone. These findings provide a physics-based rationale for geometry-dependent nozzle selection in continuous coaxial DED applications.
%U https://www.sv-jme.eu/sl/article/design-based-assessment-of-continuous-coaxial-ded-nozzles-considering-substrate-induced-gas-flow-effects/
%0 Journal Article
%R
%&
%P 1
%J Articles in Press
%V 0
%N 0
%@ 0039-2480
%8 2026-04-13
%7 2026-04-13
Ermurat, Mehmet, Muhammet İbrahim AŞÇI, & İbrahim Hakki İnce.
"Design-Based Assessment of Continuous Coaxial DED Nozzles Considering Substrate-Induced Gas Flow Effects." Articles in Press [Online], 0.0 (0): . Web. 22 Aug. 2026
TY - JOUR
AU - Ermurat, Mehmet
AU - AŞÇI, Muhammet İbrahim
AU - İnce, İbrahim Hakki
PY - 0
TI - Design-Based Assessment of Continuous Coaxial DED Nozzles Considering Substrate-Induced Gas Flow Effects
JF - Articles in Press
DO -
KW -
N2 - Continuous coaxial nozzles are widely used in Directed Energy Deposition (DED) pro-cesses; however, many numerical studies rely on substrate-free free-jet models that fail to capture critical gas–surface interactions. This study presents a design-oriented investiga-tion of continuous coaxial DED nozzles by examining the influence of nozzle geometry and gas flow interactions under realistic deposition conditions. A three-dimensional CFD framework incorporating particle tracing was applied, in which a physical substrate was explicitly included at the intended standoff distance to account for stagnation pressure formation, gas rebound, and near-wall flow effects. Two nozzle geometries—a narrow nozzle (α = 24°) and a wide nozzle (α = 35°)—were evaluated under varying carrier and shaping gas velocities relative to a fixed optical shielding gas velocity. Powder conver-gence behavior was quantified using a layered particle counting strategy and analyzed through number density distributions in the focal region. The results show that nozzle geometry strongly governs powder focusing behavior. The narrow nozzle consistently produced a compact and axisymmetric powder stream with higher catchment efficiency, whereas the wide nozzle exhibited diffuse flow patterns and reduced focal coherence. Ex-cessive shaping gas velocities were found to degrade convergence by expanding the sub-strate-induced stagnation pressure zone. These findings provide a physics-based rationale for geometry-dependent nozzle selection in continuous coaxial DED applications.
UR - https://www.sv-jme.eu/sl/article/design-based-assessment-of-continuous-coaxial-ded-nozzles-considering-substrate-induced-gas-flow-effects/
@article{{}{.},
author = {Ermurat, M., AŞÇI, M., İnce, .},
title = {Design-Based Assessment of Continuous Coaxial DED Nozzles Considering Substrate-Induced Gas Flow Effects},
journal = {Articles in Press},
volume = {0},
number = {0},
year = {0},
doi = {},
url = {https://www.sv-jme.eu/sl/article/design-based-assessment-of-continuous-coaxial-ded-nozzles-considering-substrate-induced-gas-flow-effects/}
}
TY - JOUR
AU - Ermurat, Mehmet
AU - AŞÇI, Muhammet İbrahim
AU - İnce, İbrahim Hakki
PY - 2026/04/13
TI - Design-Based Assessment of Continuous Coaxial DED Nozzles Considering Substrate-Induced Gas Flow Effects
JF - Articles in Press; Vol 0, No 0 (0): Articles in Press
DO -
KW -
N2 - Continuous coaxial nozzles are widely used in Directed Energy Deposition (DED) pro-cesses; however, many numerical studies rely on substrate-free free-jet models that fail to capture critical gas–surface interactions. This study presents a design-oriented investiga-tion of continuous coaxial DED nozzles by examining the influence of nozzle geometry and gas flow interactions under realistic deposition conditions. A three-dimensional CFD framework incorporating particle tracing was applied, in which a physical substrate was explicitly included at the intended standoff distance to account for stagnation pressure formation, gas rebound, and near-wall flow effects. Two nozzle geometries—a narrow nozzle (α = 24°) and a wide nozzle (α = 35°)—were evaluated under varying carrier and shaping gas velocities relative to a fixed optical shielding gas velocity. Powder conver-gence behavior was quantified using a layered particle counting strategy and analyzed through number density distributions in the focal region. The results show that nozzle geometry strongly governs powder focusing behavior. The narrow nozzle consistently produced a compact and axisymmetric powder stream with higher catchment efficiency, whereas the wide nozzle exhibited diffuse flow patterns and reduced focal coherence. Ex-cessive shaping gas velocities were found to degrade convergence by expanding the sub-strate-induced stagnation pressure zone. These findings provide a physics-based rationale for geometry-dependent nozzle selection in continuous coaxial DED applications.
UR - https://www.sv-jme.eu/sl/article/design-based-assessment-of-continuous-coaxial-ded-nozzles-considering-substrate-induced-gas-flow-effects/
Ermurat, Mehmet, AŞÇI, Muhammet İbrahim, AND İnce, İbrahim Hakki.
"Design-Based Assessment of Continuous Coaxial DED Nozzles Considering Substrate-Induced Gas Flow Effects" Articles in Press [Online], Volume 0 Number 0 (13 April 2026)
